Antineutrophil Antibody (Granulocyte Antibody) Test – Diagnosis of Autoimmune Neutropenia
Antineutrophil Antibody Test (Granulocyte Antibody)
Synonyms: Granulocyte Antibody, Neutrophil Antibody. Antineutrophil Antibody test
Specimen Details
- Type: Serum
- Container: Red top tube
- Collection Method: Venipuncture
Storage Instructions
Separate serum from clot as soon as possible and freeze immediately to preserve sample integrity.
Reason to Reject Sample
- Gross hemolysis
- Improper tube used
- Insufficient volume
- Serum not frozen
Reference Range
Negative
Use
This test is used to investigate the immune-mediated causes of neutropenia, including:
- Autoimmune neutropenia
- Neonatal alloimmune neutropenia
- Transfusion-related neutropenia
Methodology
Immunoassay
Additional Information
Advances in antibody detection have made it possible to identify neutrophil-specific autoantibodies, particularly those targeting NA2 and ND1 antigens. The presence of these autoantibodies strongly supports a diagnosis of autoimmune neutropenia.
Autoimmune neutropenia may be associated with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), and corticosteroids are typically effective in treatment. The severity of neutropenia can vary from mild to life-threatening.
References
- Jacobs, Demott, Finley, Horvat, Kasten JR, & Tilzer, Laboratory Test Handbook, Lexi-Comp Inc, 1994.
- Hartman KR, Mallet MK, Nath J, et al, “Antibodies to Actin in Autoimmune Neutropenia,” Blood, 1990, 75(3):736-743.
