Q120. What is a defining characteristic of transposons?
Hint: Transposons are also known as ‘jumping genes’.
Q121. Which enzyme is coded by the transposon to mediate integration?
Hint: This enzyme is specific to the function of transposition.
Q122. What are the inverted repeats in a transposon responsible for?
Hint: They help integrate the transposon into recipient DNA.
Q123. Which plasmid component regulates transposase production?
Hint: This gene downregulates transposition-related enzyme
Q124. What is an insertion sequence?
Hint: These are smaller than standard transposons and don’t code for enzymes.
Q125. Capsules are made of what material in most bacteria?
Hint: These sugar polymers vary among species.
Q126. Which bacteria has a polypeptide capsule?
Hint: Its capsule is composed of D-glutamic acid.
Q127. What is the role of a capsule in bacterial virulence?
Hint: The capsule shields bacteria from immune cells.
Q128. What is the Quellung reaction used for?
Hint: This helps identify specific bacterial capsules.
Q129. What bacterial structure is targeted in some vaccines?
Hint: Vaccines often use polysaccharides from this structure.
Q130. What effect do bacteriocins have?
Hint: These proteins offer a competitive advantage.
✅ Answer Key:
Q120: They can move between DNA sites Q121: Transposase Q122: Integration into DNA Q123: Repressor gene Q124: A small transposon Q125: Polysaccharides Q126: Bacillus anthracis Q127: Inhibits phagocytosis Q128: Detecting capsule swelling Q129: Capsule Q130: Kill competing bacteria
