Q71. Function of plasmids:
Hint: They often carry resistance genes.
Q72. Transmissible plasmids:
Hint: They allow one bacterium to transfer DNA to another.
Q73. Bacteriocins are:
Hint: Produced to kill other bacteria.
Q74. Volutin granules are composed of:
Hint: Energy reserves that stain metachromatically.
Q75. What enables C. diphtheriae ID?
Hint: Metachromatic granules distinguish it.
Q76. What’s a major function of porins?
Hint: Allow hydrophilic molecules into gram-negative bacteria.
Q77. What binds to muramic acid?
Hint: Anchors polymers in gram-positive walls.
Q78. Protoplast is formed when:
Hint: Remaining after lysozyme digests the wall.
Q79. Gram-negative outer membrane contains:
Hint: Key structural component for virulence.
Q80. Which membrane component is absent in most prokaryotes but present in Mycoplasma?
Hint: Mycoplasma scavenges cholesterol‑like sterols.
✅ Answer Key
Q71: C) Antibiotic resistance determinants Q72: C) Contain conjugation genes Q73: C) Toxic proteins lethal to other bacteria Q74: B) Polyphosphates Q75: B) Volutin granules Q76: C) Transport of small hydrophilic molecules Q77: B) Muramic acid of peptidoglycan Q78: C) Peptidoglycan is removed Q79: C) Lipopolysaccharide Q80: A) Sterols
